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An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a non-invasive medical test that records the heart’s electrical activity over time. This test helps healthcare professionals evaluate the heart’s rhythm and electrical conduction, providing valuable insights into the heart’s overall health.
What Is Electrocardiogram?
An electrocardiogram measures the electrical impulses generated by the heart as it beats. These impulses are detected by electrodes placed on the skin, typically on the chest, arms, and legs. The electrodes are connected to a machine that records the electrical signals, producing a visual representation of the heart’s electrical activity on graph paper or a computer screen.
The ECG waveform consists of several distinct waves and intervals, each representing a specific cardiac cycle phase. By analysing these patterns, healthcare providers can diagnose various heart conditions, including arrhythmias, ischemia, and structural abnormalities.
Who Needs Electrocardiogram?
Electrocardiograms are commonly used in both diagnostic and monitoring settings. They may be recommended for individuals experiencing chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, or dizziness, which could indicate underlying heart problems.
Additionally, ECGs are performed as part of routine medical exams, pre-operative assessments, and screenings for specific medical conditions. They are also used to monitor patients with known heart conditions, such as atrial fibrillation, heart failure, or coronary artery disease.
How To Prepare For Electrocardiogram?
To prepare for an electrocardiogram, it’s typically recommended to avoid applying lotions or oils to the skin beforehand, as they can interfere with electrode placement. Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing that allows easy access to the areas where electrodes will be placed.
What Happens During Electrocardiogram?
You’ll be asked to lie down on an examination table or bed during an electrocardiogram. The healthcare provider will attach electrodes to specific areas of your chest, arms, and legs using adhesive patches. These electrodes are connected to an ECG machine, which records the electrical activity of your heart as it beats. You must remain still and relaxed during the procedure to ensure accurate results. Once the recording is complete, the electrodes are removed, and the test typically takes only a few minutes.
What To Do After Electrocardiogram?
After an electrocardiogram, you can typically resume your normal activities immediately. There are usually no diet, exercise, or medication restrictions following the test. Your healthcare provider will review the results of the ECG and discuss any findings or recommendations with you. Further tests or treatments may be recommended if any abnormalities are detected based on your health status and symptoms.
What are the Risks of an Electrocardiogram?
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is generally safe, with minimal risks such as skin irritation from adhesive patches and rare allergic reactions to electrode gel. There’s also a slight possibility of false-positive or false-negative results, which could lead to misinterpretation. Rare equipment malfunction may occur but are typically recognised and addressed promptly by healthcare providers.
